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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults With Migraine
Posted on Wednesday September 27, 2023

Journal of Attention Disorders, Ahead of Print.
Introduction:Several studies have shown increased occurrence of migraine in ADHD patients. However, there is less evidence on whether migraine patients also have a higher ADHD frequency. The aim of this paper is determining whether the prevalence of ADHD symptoms or impulsivity is higher in patients with episodic migraine.Methods:An observational cohort study has been conducted. Patients with episodic migraine were included. The ADHD Rating scale, the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale, and the scale of impulsiveness of Plutchik were used.Results:The mean value of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity scores on the ADHD scale was 5 ± 3.8 in cases and 2.7 ± 2.2 in controls (p < .00001), 4 ± 3.2 in cases and 2.5 ± 2.4 in controls (p = .000621) and 2 ± 1.5 in cases and 1.1 ± 1 in controls (p = .000407), respectively.Conclusion:Adults with migraine have a higher prevalence of ADHD symptoms. This should be considered when assessing these patients.

Co-occurring ASD Mediates Impact of ADHD on Atopic Dermatitis and Acne: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Posted on Saturday September 23, 2023

Journal of Attention Disorders, Ahead of Print.
Background:ADHD and ASD are associated with dermatologic manifestations, yet little research investigates co-occurring ADHD/ASD and common dermatologic conditions.Objective:To investigate associations between ADHD, ASD, acne vulgaris, and atopic dermatitis.Methods:Using de-identified patient records from the TriNetX database, we created four cohorts on ADHD diagnosis, ASD diagnosis, both, neither. Cohorts were separated into males and females. We balanced each cohort based on age, sex, race, and ethnicity to the baseline cohort with neither ASD or ADHD. Finally, we examined prevalence of acne and eczema.Results:The cohort sizes varied from 19,764 to 345,626. Compared to matched peers, males with ADHD or ADHD/ASD had increased prevalence of acne, and all neurodivergent males had increased prevalence of eczema. Females with ADHD had an increase in both. Females with ADHD/ASD had no significant differences, and females with ASD had a decreased risk of eczema.Limitations:Due to database limitations, we are unable to: analyze symptom severity, skincare routine, or treatment adherence.Conclusions:The decreased risk of eczema in females with ASD and lack of significant difference in incidence of acne or eczema in females with ADHD/ASD compared to matched peers suggests research into approaches to skincare in males versus females with ASD may provide clinically relevant insights.

The Interplay Between Blood Inflammatory Markers, Symptom Domains, and Severity of ADHD Disorder in Children
Posted on Saturday September 16, 2023

Journal of Attention Disorders, Ahead of Print.
Objective:ADHD has a multi-factorial etiology among which the inflammatory theory presupposition. We aimed to explore the interplay between blood inflammatory markers; neutrophil lymphocyte ratios (NLR), platelet\lymphocyte ratio (PLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), symptom domains, and severity of ADHD.Method:A total of 50 children with ADHD and 50 healthy controls were recruited. Children were assessed using the mini-international neuropsychiatric interview for children and adolescents (MINI-KID), the Wechsler intelligence scale for children, the Conners’ parent rating scale. Then, NLR, PLR, and MPV were measured.Results:There was a statistically significant difference between children with ADHD and the control group with regard to all blood inflammatory markers (except platelet count). The subtypes and severity of ADHD had no significant relation with NLR, PLR, and MPV.Conclusion:blood inflammatory markers are significantly high in children with ADHD but could not predict specific symptom domains or severity.

Analysis of Serum VEGF, IGF-1, and HIF-1α Levels in ADHD
Posted on Wednesday September 13, 2023

Journal of Attention Disorders, Ahead of Print.
Objective:In recent years, it has been emphasized that various growth factors that affect neurogenesis may lead to ADHD. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of VEGF, IGF-1, and HIF-1α growth factors in the etiopathogenesis of ADHD.Method:Levels of VEGF, IGF-1, and HIF-1α were compared between 40 ADHD children and 40 healthy children, aged 7 to 13 years.Result:VEGF, IGF-1, and HIF-1α levels did not significantly differ between the groups. There was a negative correlation between serum VEGF levels and the parent-rated T-DSM-IV-S (AD) subscale. There was a positive correlation between serum IGF-1 levels and the parent-rated T-DSM-IV-S (AD) subscale, and SDQ (ES) subscale.Conclusion:Given our limitations and the fact that some of our findings differ from those of other studies, it is evident that this area requires additional research with larger samples.

The Activity of Adenosine Deaminase and Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Posted on Monday September 11, 2023

Journal of Attention Disorders, Ahead of Print.
Objective:In this study, to investigate the place of T cell-mediated immunity in the etiology of ADHD, for which we do not have enough information; we aimed to investigate the activity of DPP IV and ADA, which are T cell-related enzymes, and the relationship of these enzymes with ADHD symptoms in children with ADHD.Methods:Twenty-seven children aged 6 to 12 years with a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and 27 children aged 6 to 12 years without any psychiatric disease were included in the study.Results:While serum ADA and DPP-IV activity were found to be statistically significantly higher in the group with ADHD. There was no statistically significant correlation between serum ADA and DPP-IV activities and CTRS-R-L and CPRS-R-L in both groups.Conclusion:We think that T cell mediated inflammation may play a role in the etiology of ADHD due to changes in ADA and DPP-IV levels in children.